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\n \n KRONSCHLOT, a sea fort, the first fortification of the Kronstadt Fortress. It was founded in the winter of 1703-04 on a shallow in the Gulf of Finland, south of Kotlin Island based on the designs of Tsar Peter the Great. It was built by soldiers under the guidance of A.D. Menshikov. A three-storied tower with a spire, made of raw brick with a wooden framework, was raised on a crib foundation. The tower was armed with 14 guns. On 7 May 1704 (18May, New Style), the fortress flag was hoisted; this day is considered as the day of Kronstadt’s foundation. In the summer of 1704 and 1705, battles against Swedish naval forces took place by Kronschlot. In 1716-22, the fort was rebuilt in the form of an armed wall with a bastion trace, the foundation Island was expanded, and an inner harbour built. In 1747, the decayed tower of Kronschlot was knocked down. In 1797-1807, the fort walls were partially faced with granite. In 1808, on the north-west side of Kronschlot, a battery of earth fill and timber was erected, and the whole fort was re-armed with 104 guns. In 1850-54, Kronschlot was rebuilt (engineer I.A. Zakrzhetsky), the basement Island was covered with sand, while the building of a three-storied stone battery with casemates was discontinued due to the Crimean War of 1853-56. In 1916, the second storey of the battery was transformed into a covered armoured barracks. During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, sea hunters were often stationed in the harbour of Kronschlot.

G. V. Kalashnikov. .\n
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Persons
\n \n \n Menshikov Alexander Danilovich, Gracious Prince\n
\n \n \n \n Peter I, Emperor\n
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