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\n \n ANTOKOLSKY Mark Matveevich (1843-1902), sculptor. Lived in St. Petersburg from 1862-71, in Italy from 1871 to 1877, and in Paris from 1877. Studied at the Academy of Arts under N.S. Pimenova (1862-68; academician since 1871). Came under the influence of V.V. Stasov and I.N. Kramskoy. Created realistic genre works, including the wood high reliefs Jew Tailor (1864) and Avaricious Jew (1865), as well as symbolic sculptures with moral-philosophic themes, such as Christ Judged by the People (bronze, 1874) and Mephistopheles (marble, 1883), all in the State Russian Museum. His most important works are historical portraits, reflecting civil pathos and patriotic aspirations: Ivan the Terrible (bronze, 1871), Nestor the Chronicler (marble, 1890), and Yermak (bronze, 1891), all in the State Russian Museum. His sculpture of Peter the Great (1872, marble, the State Russian Museum) was used as a model for monuments in Petrodvorets (1883; lost in 1941-44, restored in 1953), St. Petersburg (in front of St. Sampson's Cathedral, 1909; demounted in 1940, restored in 2003), Shlisselburg, Archangelsk, and Taganrog. He produced portraits of Stasov (1873, marble, Russian National Library), I.S. Turgenev (1880, gypsum, the State Russian Museum), and a gravestone of S.Y. Nadson (1891, Literatorskie Mostki). When in St. Petersburg, he lived at 1/4 Akademichesky Lane, and was later buried at the Jewish Cemetery.

References: Марк Матвеевич Антокольский: его жизнь, творения, письма и статьи. СПб.; М., 1905. Шалимова В.П. Марк Матвеевич Антокольский. Л., 1970; Кузнецова Э. В. М. М. Антокольский: Жизнь и творчество. М., 1989.

O. L. Leikind, D.Y. Severyukhin.\n
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Persons
\n \n \n \n \n \n Peter I, Emperor\n
\n \n \n \n Pimenov Nikolay Stepanovich\n
\n \n \n \n \n Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich\n
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