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\n \n BETSKOY (Betsky) Ivan Ivanovich (1703 or 1704-1795, St. Petersburg), statesman and public figure, actual privy counsellor (1766). He was the illegitimate son of General Field Marshal Prince I.Y. Trubetskoy. In the 1740s, he served in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. In 1747-62, he lived abroad where he was acquainted with French encyclopedists and was inspired by their ideas. While being the head of the Building Chancery (1762-93) and a member of the Commission for Stone Construction in St. Petersburg and Moscow, he directed the development of St. Petersburg. He developed the state system for educational institutions in 1764; founded the Smolny Institute in St. Petersburg, the Foster Home and an obstetrical school, reorganised training within the Infantry Cadet Corps, worked on the establishment of an All-Russian education system for schools. In 1763-94, he was president of the Academy of Arts, reorganised its program, and introduced courses for a number of new artistic specialities. He owned a house at 2 Dvortsovaya Embankment (1784-87, rebuilt in the 1830s, architect V.P. Stasov). In 1868, Betskoy's bust was installed in the courtyard of the Foster Home (1868, an enlarged copy by sculptor A.P. Lavretsky made from the original by Y.I. Zemelgaka, 1803; 52 Moika River Embankment), a bronze figure of Betskoy was placed on the monument of Empress Catherine II in St. Petersburg and Tsarskoe Selo. He was buried at the Annunciation Burial Vault of Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

References: Лаппо-Данилевский А. С. И. И. Бецкой и его система воспитания. СПб., 1904; Майков П. М. Иван Иванович Бецкой: Опыт его биографии. СПб., 1904; Ерошкина А. Н. Администратор от культуры: (И. И. Бецкой) // Русская культура последней трети XVIII в. М., 1997. С. 71-90.

G. V. Kalashnikov.\n
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Persons
\n \n \n \n Catherine II, Empress\n
\n \n \n \n \n Stasov Vasily Petrovich\n
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