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\n \n SMOLENSKOE CEMETERIES. Located on Vasilievsky and Dekabristov islands, along both banks of the Smolenka River. The Orthodox Smolenskoe Cemetery (24 Kamskaya Street) is located on the left bank of the Smolenka River on an area of 51.7 hectares. It is the oldest functioning cemetery in St. Petersburg. It was first mentioned in the decree of 1738. Named after the wooden Church of the Icon of Our Lady of Smolensk (1760). The churches near the cemetery include the stone Smolenskaya Church, built on the site of an ancient wooden temple (1786-90, architect A.A. Ivanov); the stone Holy Trinity Church (1904-05, architect M.T. Preobrazhensky, I.I. Yakovlev, demolished in 1932); and Church of Holy Resurrection (1901-04, architect V.A. Demyanovsky, destroyed, being reconstructed now; in 1921, A.A. Blok's burial took place here). On the Patron Saint's Day, July 28th, open air festivals and fairs are arranged there. The cemetery was extensively damaged by the flood of 1824. The Orthodox Smolenskoe Cemetery was St. Petersburg's first spiritual centre, where St. Xenia of St. Petersburg was buried (above her grave a chapel was constructed in 1901-02 by architect A.V. Vseslavin). In 1855, the well-known city prophet, Anna Lozhkina, was buried in the cemetery (the chapel in her honour did not survive). The cemetery is the traditional burial place for academics, professors from St. Petersburg University and the Mining Institute, students of military educational institutions, actors, writers and artists. In 1828, Alexander Pushkin's nanny, Arina Rodionovna, was buried here (memorial plaque installed; grave not preserved); in 1861, T.G. Shevchenko was buried here, and his ashes were transferred to Ukraine the same year. In the 1930-50s, the remains of several prominent Russian cultural figures were moved from the cemetery to the museum-necropolises of the City Sculpture Museum (V.A. Karatygin, A.E. Martynov, I.I. Kramskoy, I.I. Shishkin, A.I. Kuindzhi and others). In 1944, Blok's remains, along with those of his relatives, were transfered to the Literatorskie Mostki section of the cemetery. Also buried here are geologist N.P. Barbot-de-Marni, military historian A.V. Viskovatov, statistician A.P. Zabolotsky-Desyatovsky, chemists N.N. Beketov, N.N. Zinin, and N.A. Menshutkin, astronomer P.B. Inokhodtsev, metallurgist A.A. Iossa, historians N.P. Likhachev, M.K. Lemke, and N.P. Pavlov-Silvansky, designer of the first airplane A.F. Mozhaysky, physicist and electrician V.V. Petrov, constructor of the first battleships A.A. Popov, traveller and collector P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, physicist A.A. Friedman, artists F.I. Iordan, V.E. Makovsky, G.I. Ugryumov, V.K. Shebuev, and S.S. Schukin, and writers F. Sologub, A.N. Chebotarevskaya and L.A. Charskaya. From 1938 to the early 1980s, there were no new burials at the cemetery. Over the last several years, several new burials have taken place, including that of the director of the Hermitage Museum, Academician B.B. Piotrovsky, poet V.B. Krivulin, painter T.P. Novikov. Opposite the Orthodox Smolenskoe Cemetery, on the right bank of the Smolenka River, is a large common grave of victims from the Siege of 1941-44, and a monument to professors of the Academy of Arts who died during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45.

References: Пирожков Г. В., Кобак А. В., Пирютко Ю. М. Смоленское православное кладбище // Исторические кладбища Петербурга: Справ.-путеводитель. СПб., 1993. С. 234-285. The Lutheran Smolenskoe Cemetery (9 Smolenka River Embankment), on the south part of Dekabristov Island, on the right bank of the Smolenka River, covers an area of 7.3 hectares. Founded in 1747 for interring foreigners, mainly consisting of Lutherans from the St. Catherine Church parish on Bolshoy Avenue of Vasilievsky Island, it is the oldest of St. Petersburg's non-Orthodox cemeteries. Buried here are Eastern Studies scholar academician V.V. Bartold, surgeons I.F. Bush and R.R. Wreden, chemist G.I. Hess, soil scientist V.V. Dokuchaev, Admiral A.S. Greig, physicists G.F. Parrot, P.L. Schilling and B.S. Jakoby, land-surveyor F.I. Schubert, director of the Tsarskoselsky Lyceum E.A. Engelgardt, aquarellist V.I. Hau, architects D.I. Grimm and P.Y. Suzor, writer F.M. Klinger, diplomats K.V. Nesselrode and V.N. Lamsdorf, publisher M.O. Wolf, and circus performer G. Cinizelli. In the 20th century, the remains of several historic figures were transferred to the museum-necropolis (L. Euler, A.A. Bethencourt, J.F. Thomas de Thomon). During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1944, Leningrad Front soldiers and children who perished during the bombardment of 9 May 1942 were interred here (a monument by sculptor V.I. Gordon was opened in 1966).

Reference: Пирожков Г. В., Громов Н. В. Смоленское лютеранское кладбище // Исторические кладбища Петербурга: Справ.-путеводитель. СПб., 1993. С. 286-308. The Armenian Smolenskoe Cemetery (29 Smolenka River Embankment), west of the Lutheran Smolenskoe Cemetery, covers an area of 0.5 hectares. Opened in 1791, the cemetery was the Armenian-Gregorian community's burial place. The cemetery's the Holy Resurrection Church (architect Y.M. Felten(?)), was consecrated in 1797. The construction project was financed by factory owner and philanthropist I.L. Lazarev as a burial vault for his 23 year old son Artemy (headstone by sculptor I.P. Martos, transferred in the 1930s to the Blagoveschenskaya Burial Vault). In 1988, burials were resumed, the church was returned to the Armenian community, and the Armenian community's cultural centre was established here. Among those buried here are participant of the Patriotic War of 1812 Z. Firalov, aide-de-camp of A.V. Suvorov, Major General I.V. Khastatov; traveller G.0I. Khaldarov; Eastern Studies scholars O. Amidi and K.P. Patkanov. About 200 tombstones have been preserved.

Reference: Аматуни В. Н. Смоленское армянское кладбище // Исторические кладбища Петербурга: Справ.-путеводитель. СПб., 1993. С. 309-314; Антонов В. В., Кобак А. В. Святыни Санкт-Петербурга: Ист.-церков. энцикл. СПб., 1996. Т. 3.

A. A. Alexeev.\n
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Persons
\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Bethencourt Avgustin Avgustinovich\n
\n \n \n \n Blok G.P.\n
\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Engelgardt Egor Antonovich\n
\n \n \n \n \n Felten Yury (Georg Friedrich) Matveevich\n
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\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sologub Fedor (real name Teternikov Fedor Kuzmich)\n
\n \n \n \n Suvorov Alexander Arkadievich, Count\n
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