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\n \n RUSSO-TURKISH WARS, MONUMENTS TO. Many monuments devoted to victories by the Russian Army and Fleet during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 have been erected at the Catherine Park at Tsarskoe Selo, including the Moreiskaya (1771) and Chesmenskaya (1774-76) columns (see entry Russian Fleet, Monuments to); the Kagulsky obelisk (1771-1772) in memory of the defeat of Khalil-pasha's 150,000 strong army on the Kagul River in July 1770 by Field Marshal P.A. Rumyantsev (all designed by architect A. Rinaldi); and the Red (Turkish) cascade (1770s, architect V.I. Neelov). The Rumyatsev obelisk (1799) and the monument to A. V. Suvorov on the Field of Mars (1801) also commemorated victories from the Russo-Turkish War. The Moscow triumphal gates are also built in honour of victories during the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29. In order to commemorate the victory over the Turks in the Battle of Varna in May 1829, the triumphal arch of the General Staff building was opened. The grille of the Holy Transfiguration Cathedral is constructed from the barrels of captured Turkish guns (1832-33, architect V.P. Stasov). After October 1917, monuments to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 were abolished; in 1918, the equestrian monument to the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, Grand Prince Nikolay Nikolaevich (the Elder; 1912-14, sculptor P. Kanonika) on Manezhnaya Square, was destroyed; in 1929-30, the Column of Glory (1882-86, architect D.I. Grimm, sculptor P.I. Schwarz, engineer G.M. Zhitkov) near the Holy Trinity Cathedral consisting of 104 gun-barrels with 10 trophy guns in the fence (28.8 metres high, weighing 560 tons) was demolished, then recreated in 2004.

Y. M. Piryutko.\n
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Persons
\n \n \n \n \n Neelov Vasily Ivanovich\n
\n \n \n \n Nikolay Nikolaevich (Sr.), Grand Prince\n
\n \n \n \n Rinaldi Antonio\n
\n \n \n \n \n \n Stasov Vasily Petrovich\n
\n \n \n \n Suvorov Alexander Arkadievich, Count\n
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